SPECIES RANGE BY STATE
Within the Appalachian Region
Including designation of state and federally-listed
endangered and threatened species
ORDER DIDELPHIMORPHIA - Pouched Mammals
Family Didelphidae - Opossums
SPECIES NAME | Pennsylvania | Maryland | West Virginia | Virginia | North Carolina |
VIRGINIA OPOSSUM | X | X | X | X | X |
ORDER INSECTIVORA - Shrews and Moles
Family Soricidae - Shrews
SPECIES NAME | Pennsylvania | Maryland | West Virginia | Virginia | North Carolina |
CINEREUS or MASKED SHREW | X | X | X | X | X |
LONG-TAILED or ROCK SHREW | X | X *I | X | X | X *SC (ssp) |
MARYLAND SHREW | X | X | X | - | - |
SMOKY SHREW | X | X *T | X | X | X |
PYGMY SHREW | X | X | X | X | X *SC (ssp) |
SOUTHEASTERN SHREW | - | X | X | X | X |
COMMON WATER SHREW | X *T(ssp) | - *E(ssp) | X | X *E (ssp) | X *SC (ssp) |
NORTHERN SHORT-TAILED SHREW | X | X | X | X | X |
LEAST SHREW | X *E | X | X | X | X |
Family Talpidae - Moles
SPECIES NAME | Pennsylvania | Maryland | West Virginia | Virginia | North Carolina |
HAIRY-TAILED MOLE | X | X | X | X | X |
EASTERN MOLE | X | X | X | X | X |
STAR-NOSED MOLE | X | X | X | X | X *SC (ssp) |
ORDER CHIROPTERA - Bats
Family Verpertilionidae - Plainnose Bats
SPECIES NAME | Pennsylvania | Maryland | West Virginia | Virginia | North Carolina |
NORTHERN MYOTIS | X | X | X | X | X *SC |
EASTERN SMALL-FOOTED MYOTIS | X *T (ssp) | X *I | X | X | X *SC |
LITTLE BROWN MYOTIS | X | X | X | X | X |
INDIANA or SOCIAL MYOTIS | X E - FED | X E - FED | X E - FED | X E - FED | X E - FED |
EASTERN RED BAT | X | X | X | X | X |
HOARY BAT | X | X | X | X | X |
SILVER-HAIRED BAT | Migrant | Migrant | Migrant | X | Winters |
EASTERN PIPISTRELLE | X | X | X | X | X |
BIG BROWN BAT | X | X | X | X | X |
EVENING BAT | X | X | X | X | X |
RAFINESQUE'S BIG-EARED BAT | - | - | X (Wayne Co.) | X *E | X *SC |
TOWNSEND'S BIG-EARED BAT | - | X E - FED(ssp) | X E - FED(ssp) | X E - FED(ssp) | X E - FED(ssp) |
ORDER LAGOMORPHA - Rabbits, Hares, and Pikas
Family Leporidae - Rabbits and Hares
SPECIES NAME | Pennsylvania | Maryland | West Virginia | Virginia | North Carolina |
EASTERN COTTONTAIL | X | X | X | X | X |
APPALACHIAN COTTONTAIL | X | X *I | X | X | X |
SNOWSHOE HARE | X | - | X | ? *E | - |
ORDER RODENTIA - Rodents
Family Sciuridae - Squirrels
SPECIES NAME | Pennsylvania | Maryland | West Virginia | Virginia | North Carolina |
EASTERN CHIPMUNK | X | X | X | X | X |
WOODCHUCK | X | X | X | X | X |
EASTERN GRAY SQUIRREL | X | X | X | X | X |
EASTERN FOX SQUIRREL | X | X | X | X | X |
RED SQUIRREL | X | X | X | X | X |
NORTHERN FLYING SQUIRREL | X | - | X E-FED(ssp) | X E-FED(ssp) | X E-FED(ssp) |
SOUTHERN FLYING SQUIRREL | X | X | X | X | X |
Family Castoridae - Beaver
SPECIES NAME | Pennsylvania | Maryland | West Virginia | Virginia | North Carolina |
AMERICAN BEAVER | X | X | X | X | X |
Family Cricetidae- Mice, Rats, Lemmings and Voles
SPECIES NAME | Pennsylvania | Maryland | West Virginia | Virginia | North Carolina |
EASTERN HARVEST MOUSE | - | - | X | X | X |
WHITE-FOOTED MOUSE | X | X | X | X | X |
DEER MOUSE | X | X | X | X | X |
GOLDEN MOUSE | - | - | X | X | X |
APPALACHIAN WOOODRAT | X *T | X *E | X | X | X **T & SC |
SOUTHERN RED-BACKED VOLE | X | X | X | X | X |
ROCK VOLE | X | X *E (ssp) | X | X *E (ssp) | X *SC (ssp) |
MEADOW VOLE | X | X | X | X | X |
WOODLAND VOLE | X | X | X | X | X |
COMMON MUSKRAT | X | X | X | X | X |
SOUTHERN BOG LEMMING | X | X | X | X | X |
NORWAY RAT | X | X | X | X | X |
BLACK RAT | - | - | X | - | X |
HOUSE MOUSE | X | X | X | X | X |
Family Zapodidae - Jumping Mice
SPECIES NAME | Pennsylvania | Maryland | West Virginia | Virginia | North Carolina |
MEADOW JUMPING MOUSE | X | X | X | X | X |
WOODLAND JUMPING MOUSE | X | X | X | X | X |
Family Erethizontidae - Porcupine
SPECIES NAME | Pennsylvania | Maryland | West Virginia | Virginia | North Carolina |
PORCUPINE | X | X *I | X (Grant Co.) | - | - |
ORDER CARNIVORA - Meat Eaters
Family Canidae - Dogs, Wolves and Foxes
SPECIES NAME | Pennsylvania | Maryland | West Virginia | Virginia | North Carolina |
COYOTE | X | X | X | X | X |
RED FOX | X | X | X | X | X |
COMMON GRAY FOX | X | X | X | X | X |
Family Ursidae - Bear
SPECIES NAME | Pennsylvania | Maryland | West Virginia | Virginia | North Carolina |
BLACK BEAR | X | X | X | X | X |
Family Procyonidae - Raccoons
SPECIES NAME | Pennsylvania | Maryland | West Virginia | Virginia | North Carolina |
COMMON RACCOON | X | X | X | X | X |
Family Mustelidae - Weasels
SPECIES NAME | Pennsylvania | Maryland | West Virginia | Virginia | North Carolina |
AMERICAN MARTEN | ? | - | - | - | - |
FISHER | X | X | X | ? | - |
ERMINE | X | X | - | - | - |
LONG-TAILED WEASEL | X | X | X | X | X |
LEAST WEASEL | X | X *I | X | X | X |
AMERICAN MINK | X | X | X | X | X |
NORTHERN RIVER OTTER | X | X | X | X | X |
Family Mephitidae - Skunks
SPECIES NAME | Pennsylvania | Maryland | West Virginia | Virginia | North Carolina |
EASTERN SPOTTED SKUNK | X | X | X | X | X |
STRIPED SKUNK | X | X | X | X | X |
Family Felidae - Cats
SPECIES NAME | Pennsylvania | Maryland | West Virginia | Virginia | North Carolina |
MOUNTAIN LION | ? E - FED | ? E - FED | ? E - FED | ? E - FED | ? E - FED |
BOBCAT | X | X *I | X | X | X |
ORDER ARTIODACTYLA- Even-toed Hooved Mammals
Family Cervidae - Deer
SPECIES NAME | Pennsylvania | Maryland | West Virginia | Virginia | North Carolina |
ELK | X | - | - | ? | (Smokies) |
WHITETAIL DEER | X | X | X | X | X |
*E = State listed Endangered species
*T = State listed Threatened species
*I = In need of concern (Maryland status)
*SC = Of special concern (North Carolina status)
**T & SC = Includes the state threatened Neotoma floridana haemitora and the special concern N. magister
(ssp) = subspecies is designated for protection
ENDANGERED AND THREATENED SPECIES
IN THE APPALACHIAN REGION
The federal Endangered Species Act of 1973 provides for the designation of endangered or threatened species, administered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). The USFWS, US Forest Service, National Park Service, and appropriate state wildlife agency are the agencies directly involved with the protection and recovery of these species. All animals are subject to review, with various mussels, salamanders, birds and fish already identified. Plants, as well, have been subject to designation under the Endangered Species Act.
Among the mammals found in this Appalachian region, the following are federally-designated endangered species.
Townsend's big-eared bat (Plectotus townsendii)
Indiana bat (Myotis sodalis)
Gray Bat* (Myotis grisescens)
Northern flying squirrel (two subspecies, Glaucomys sabrinus fuscus and G. s. coloratus)
Mountain lion (Puma concolor)
In addition to the Federal listing, each state may have it's own list of protected species. In this five state Appalachian region, only West Virginia does not have such a state list. Thus, they only have the federal list identified for protection. The state-designated species found in this Appalachian region have been identified in the above-provided table. Below are the website links to the state lists.
PENNSYLVANIA http://sites.state.pa.us/PA_Exec/PGC/endangered/index.htm
MARYLAND http://dnrweb.dnr.state.md.us/download/rteanimals.pdf
VIRGINIA http://www.dcr.state.va.us/dnh/anlist99.pdf
NORTH CAROLINA http://www.ncsparks.net/nhp/search.html